When people think of Nepal, they often think of the Himalayas, outdoor adventures, ancient culture and rich traditions, but rarely you’ll hear of Nepal as an incredible wildlife destination. And yet, the country offers many amazing wildlife experiences.
Due to its unique geographical position, Nepal is home to a wide variety of animal species, some of which are endemic to the country. Among the emblematic animals of Nepal, you’ll find the red pandas, the Royal Bengal tigers, the snow leopards, the Asian elephants, the sloth bears, the greater one-horned rhinoceros, the Himalayan monals (Danphes), the Ganges river dolphins, wild water buffaloes, wild yaks, Himalayan black bears, Gharial crocodiles, the Mugger crocodiles, the Blackbucks, the Sarus Cranes, the Himalayan wolves, the clouded leopards, the striped hyenas, monkeys, and so many other iconic species… Nepal is also home to nearly 900 bird species.
From the Terai lowlands to the High Himalayas, Nepal has created several parks and reserves to protect the biodiversity of its flora and fauna. Unspoiled and protected, Nepal is the ideal place to encounter wild animals in their natural habitat and experience authentic and off-the-beaten-path wildlife adventures.
Located in the southern part of Nepal, the Terai Region in Nepal is home to majestic jungle animals. The tropical savannas, jungles and wetlands of the Terai stretches for more than 700km from far eastern Nepal to far western Nepal and covers 17% of the country.
Here is your complete guide to the best wildlife experiences in the Terai region of Nepal.
Table of Contents
People of Terai ~ The Tharu Tribe
The Tharu tribe is the largest ethnic group in the Terai and one of the largest in Nepal. In the 2011 Census, they were more than 1,7 million people, representing around 7% of the population in Nepal.
The origin of the Tharu tribe is not very clear and many different stories are told. The Tharus are sub-divided into many tribes (for example, Rana, Kochila, Chitwaniya, Deshaurya, Dangaura, etc.). Some say that the Tharus, more specifically the Rana Tharu caste, have migrated from the Thar desert (Rajasthan, India) to the western part of the Terai region. Others say that the origin of the word ‘tharu’ comes from ‘thar’, meaning ‘man of the forest’. Some scholars also believe that the word Tharu originates from the Hindi word ‘Tarhua’, a reference to the swampy land where the Tharus live. Tharus from the eastern part of the Terai region claim to be the descendants of the Shakya and Koliya people in Kapilvastu.
We do not know much about the origins of the Tharus but it is said that they have been living nomadically in the Terai for hundreds of years. The Tharus call themselves the ‘people of the forest’. They are traditionally farmers and believe in nature spirits. Tharu’s culture and beliefs are deeply connected with nature.
The Tharus have developed a strong resistance to malaria, hence their capacity to live near the jungles of the Terai. However, in the 1950-60s, the malaria eradication program was a success and brought many non-Tharu tribes to the fertile region of Terai.
Jungles, Tropical Savannas and Wetlands of Terai
The Terai has 7 designated protected areas:
• Chitwan National Park,
• Bardia National Park,
• Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve,
• Shuklaphanta National Park,
• Banke National Park,
• Parsa National Park,
• and Krishnasar Conservation Area (known as ‘Blackbuck Conservation Area’).
Although not officially protected, the wetlands in Lumbini deserve to be mention as home to the endangered Sarus Crane, the world’s tallest flying bird.
Did you know?
Nepal has doubled its population of wild tigers, becoming the first country to accomplish the WWF’s Tx2 Goal Program. Many national parks, such as Chitwan and Bardia, are protected by the Nepalese Army; the Army has bases inside the national parks and carries out daily patrols. To conserve endangered wildlife and its habitat, the country has turned a quarter of its land into conservation areas. Nepal is working closely with the local communities and rangers to combat illegal poaching of tigers, rhinos and elephants.
Chitwan National Park
Established in 1973, Chitwan National Park is the oldest national park in Nepal, and was recognized as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1984. It is a real paradise for observing wild animals in their natural habitat. Chitwan is home to the Royal Bengal tigers, the one-horned rhinoceros, the Asian elephants, sloth bears and many crocodiles (Gharial and Mugger). Chitwan National Park is particularly renowned for its active protection of one-horned rhinoceros. It is, in fact, quite common to see wild rhinos in Chitwan.
What is the Entrance fee to Chitwan National Park?
The Chitwan National Park entrance fee is 2,000 Nepalese rupees per person per day (so you can use the same ticket for different excursions on the same day). Be aware that it is only possible to pay in cash.
All major international currencies are accepted in Nepal. However, it is advisable to pay in Nepalese rupees (instead of paying in USD or Euros at unfair exchange rates). Nepalese rupees can be obtained easily on arrival at Kathmandu airport or in commercial banks. Bring some extra cash during your stay in Chitwan so you don’t have to worry about ATMs.
When is the best time to visit Chitwan National Park?
The best season to visit Chitwan National Park is in Spring between March and May.
April, May and beginning of June are the best months to see wildlife as animals gather around rivers and other water sources to beat the heat. Winter (January ~ February) is also a great season as villagers are allowed to cut grass, making it easier for visitors to spot animals.
Autumn (between September and November) is usually the peak season, and there are many international tourists as well as local tourists (it is the festival season with the two biggest festivals in Nepal: Dashain and Tihar).
Chitwan gets heavy rainfall from July to August, making it nearly impossible to visit the National Park.
How to get to Chitwan National Park?
Most of the people stay in Sauraha, a village located nearby Chitwan National Park. However, it is possible to stay in quieter (and more authentic) villages, such as Barauli, Meghauli and Kasara.
Traveling by bus from Kathmandu / Pokhara:
There are many tourist buses (and local buses) traveling from Kathmandu to Sauraha, and from Pokhara to Sauraha.
From Kathmandu, you’ll find tourist buses leaving to Sauraha near Thamel (Sorhakhutte); we advise buying your ticket in advance as buses get full easily. A ticket costs around NPR 700-800. Buses usually leave at 7:00am. From Pokhara, you’ll find the tourist buses near Rastra Bank Chowk (Tourist Bus Park). A ticket costs around NPR700. Kathmandu to Chitwan depending on traffic is approximately a 5-hour drive, and Pokhara to Chitwan, a 4-hour drive.
Traveling by air from Kathmandu / Pokhara:
Bharatpur Airport is the nearest airport. It is located about 17km from Sauraha. You can hire a taxi from Bharatpur to Sauraha, take a local bus or organize a pickup service through your hotel/ homestay (recommended!).
Traveling by private car from Kathmandu / Pokhara:
This is the easiest way to travel toward your destination in Chitwan. Hiring a private car (with a driver) from Kathmandu to Chitwan costs around $70-80, and from Pokhara to Chitwan, it costs around $50-60.
Things to do in Chitwan National Park
Jeep safari
It is possible to do a half-day or full-day Jeep safari inside the National Park. I advise a full-day Jeep safari as it will allow to cover as much ground as possible, enhancing your chances to see wildlife. If you choose a half-day Jeep safari, I suggest you book your trip on the morning as it is relatively quiet in the park. We were super lucky as each time we did a jeep safari, we always saw wildlife (a tiger, sloth bears, and many rhinos). Avoid overcrowded jeep safaris; although these safaris are cheaper, it will decrease your chances to spot wildlife (so what is the point, right?).
Canoe safari
A canoe ride on the river is loads of fun! The wooden dugout canoes are all carved out of a single tree trunk. It is another way to discover Chitwan, and most probably, you’ll see many crocodiles swimming beside you. A thrilling experience! If you’re lucky, you might even spot a Ganges river dolphin or a tiger drinking from the river.
Jungle hike
The exciting hike into the jungle on the lookout for Bengal tigers, rhinos, sloth bears and wild elephants is an ‘absolute must-do’ in Chitwan. Like the jeep safari, there is the option to do a half-day or a full day jungle hike.
No elephant riding
We do not recommend elephant rides. There are other alternatives to encounter elephants in Nepal: in their natural habitat (during a jeep safari, jungle hike or even canoe ride). There is also the possibility to do an elephant bush walk, it is basically a jungle hike with an elephant (chain-free) by your side. An association offers the possibility to do an ‘elephant happy hour’: ‘Each Elephant Happy Hour granted a working elephant a rare 1 hour respite from carrying tourists on its back. It represented a real break for the elephants, free of saddle, riding tourists and commands; an hour during which they could simply graze freely in the forest, bath or scratch, while guests observe from a distance and enjoy their moment of peace.’ (Source: Stand Up 4 Elephants). For more info, visit the SU4E’s website.
Tharu Cooking lesson
Some places offer the opportunity to cook your own special local meal with a Tharu family and enjoy your lunch or dinner at their house. This is a great immersive experience!
Bird watching safari
Chitwan is a real bird watching paradise. More than 550 bird species were recorded inside Chitwan National Park, including the Oriental darter (snakebird), the Black-chinned yuhina, the Mrs. Gould’s sunbird, the Golden eagle, the Blossom-headed parakeet, the Kingfisher, the peacock and the Indian pitta.
Overnight stay in the jungle
There is the (crazy?) option to stay inside the jungle for the night. Don’t worry, you won’t do camping inside the jungle. You’ll spend the night in the jungle tower, high above the ground, so you’ll be safe. A unique experience!
Tharu village visit
Most of the tour packages to Chitwan include a typical Tharu community village visit. The guided visit provides an insight into Tharu’s lifestyle and culture. However, you can also visit the nearby Tharu villages by yourself.
Bicycling
You can also go for a guided bicycle tour to discover the surrounding villages. But I found it way more interesting to rent a bicycle (from your hotel/ homestay or directly from a shop) and cycle among the Tharu villages on your own.
Ox Cart Ride
An ox cart ride is a lot of fun. Most of the kids love it. It is another way to discover the nearby Tharu villages. Besides, this activity is most of the time organized by locals, so it feels great to support directly a local family.
Tharu Culture House and dance show
The Tharu Culture center organizes Tharu culture dance shows every day from 6pm to 8pm. The unique Tharu stick dance is really worth discovering.
Rapti beach
Last but not least, the riverside of the Rapti river is a great place to relax and enjoy a drink. It is also an amazing sunset viewpoint.
What to do around Chitwan National Park?
Devghat
Located 20km from Sauraha, Devghat, also known as the “meeting place of the Gods”, is a very important holi place for Hindus. Every year, thousands of devotees come to Devghat to celebrate the Maghe Sankranti. Devghat is believed to be a sacred site that has power to purify everything. Nearby is located the beautiful Hindu temple, Maula Kalika, dedicated to the Goddess Kali.
The 20,000 Lake
Located approximately 10km from Sauraha, the 20,000-Lake, also known as ‘Bishazari Tal’, is a wetland reserve (an oxbow lake system that has been designated as a Ramsar site in 2003) and an amazing site for bird-watching. You can observe many animals, more particularly crocodiles and rhinos, there. You can either visit the reserve by jeep or bicycle.
Chepang Hill hikes
This is surely one of the most offbeat places in Chitwan. The hikes through the unexplored beautiful hillsides of Chitwan give the opportunity to get closer to one of the most interesting ethnic groups of Nepal ~ the Chepang. The Chepang speak their own distinct language and lead a nomadic life, indulging in their primary lifestyle – hunting, foraging for wild roots, fishing and farming near jungles.
Upardang Gadhi hike
Another amazing hike to experience in Chitwan (and technically also a Chepang Hill hike)! The Upardang Gadhi trail is situated at an altitude of 1275m and offers amazing views over the jungle. Upardang Gadhi is a famous destination among locals, mainly due to its 250-year-old Gorkhali fortress that was built to protect Nepal from the southern invasions. Upardang Gadhi is also the last remaining habitat of the Spiny Babbler, a rare bird found only in Nepal.
Parsa National Park
Located near Chitwan National Park, you’ll find the lesser known (and as a result less busy) Parsa National Park, also known as the Parsa Wildlife Reserve. Parsa is a fantastic alternative to Chitwan if you’re looking for a quiet escape far from the crowds.
Where to stay in Chitwan National Park?
We stayed at many different places in Chitwan; we experienced different community homestays, and stayed at many hotels and resorts. We also have family and friends living there, so we do stay a lot with locals most of the time.
Homestays were always our favorite pick when staying in Chitwan. However, some lodges offer fantastic experiences that are really unique! Among them, Sapana Village Lodge is probably one of the best places to stay in Chitwan. They are very well located, very friendly and offer a wide range of amazing immersive activities with the best experts. Furthermore, Sapana supports local communities. It is one of the most sustainable and responsible eco-tourism places in Chitwan.
If you are looking for a luxury place to stay in Chitwan, ‘Meghauli Serai, A Taj Safari’ is your safest bet.
Bardia National Park
Highly underrated, the largest national park of Terai, Bardia National Park (also spelt ‘Bardiya’), is probably Nepal’s best kept secret. It was established in 1988 to protect the Bengal tigers and their habitat.
Located in the southwestern part of Nepal, Bardia National Park is one of the most undisturbed protected areas in the Terai region and offers a great chance of seeing wild jungle animals, including Bengal tigers, one-horned rhinoceros, Asian elephants, Nilgais (known as the ‘blue cow’) and Ganges river dolphins.
I love Bardia because of the intimacy and the authentic jungle safari experiences. Bardia National Park was even awarded as the best sustainable destination in Asia Pacific in 2019. If there is one place in Nepal where you can relive the adventures of Mowgli and immerse yourself in the ‘Jungle Book’, it is surely Bardia.
What is the Entrance fee to Bardia National Park?
The Bardia National Park entrance fee is 1,500 Nepalese rupees per person per day. You cannot enter the park without an assigned wildlife guide.
Bring some extra cash (Nepalese rupees) during your stay in Bardia as there are no ATMs around.
When is the best time to visit Bardia National Park?
The best time to visit Bardia National Park is in Autumn from Mid-September to Mid-December.
March, April, and May are also among the best months to see wildlife as animals gather around rivers and other water sources to beat the heat.
Bardia gets heavy rainfall from June to August (monsoon season), so most of the trips inside the National Park are at higher risk of being cancelled.
How to get to Bardia National Park?
You have to reach Ambassa to get to Thakurdwara, the village located nearby Bardia National Park. There are few options available.
Traveling by bus from Kathmandu/ Pokhara:
We did that (Ambassa to Kathmandu) and it took us nearly 15 hours. If our bus had been clean, it would have been ok. Unfortunately, it wasn’t. There are buses traveling from Kathmandu to Ambassa (the bus destination is Mahendranagar and you have to stop at Ambassa), and from Pokhara to Ambassa. Recently, there is a bus traveling directly from Kathmandu to Thakurdwara. Favor tourist buses if you can!
From Kathmandu, you’ll find buses leaving to Ambassa at the Gongabu bus park; we advise buying your ticket in advance as buses get full easily. Kathmandu to Ambassa depending on traffic is approximately a 14-16hour drive, and Pokhara to Ambassa, a 12-14hour drive.
Traveling by air from Kathmandu:
This is definitely the easiest way to get to Bardia (but it is a bit pricey for foreigners!). It was surely a better experience for us with great views on the way. Nepalgunj Airport is the nearest airport. It is located about 80km from Thakurdwara (a 3-hour drive). You can hire a taxi from Nepalgunj to Thakurdwara, take a local bus or organize a pickup service through your hotel/ homestay.
Traveling by private car from Kathmandu/ Pokhara:
This is one of the most convenient ways to travel toward your destination in Bardia (but might be a bit pricey as well). It is especially worth it if you’re on a road trip with few stops en-route (Chitwan, Lumbini, Tansen, …).
Things to do in Bardia National Park
Jeep safari
Game drives are probably the best way to discover Bardia. Many visitors spent the full day inside the National Park. They are right to do so; Bardia National Park is pretty scenic and you’ll not see the time go by. The biggest difference with Chitwan is the intimacy and the authentic experiences you’ll have during your adventures inside the Park; most of the safaris they offer are private safaris (or in small groups). You can also opt for a combination of the two (jeep and hike safari), which is, in my opinion, the best experience one can have in Bardia.
Jungle hike
A full day jungle hike is a thrilling experience, especially if you are doing it in Bardia National Park. You’ll have an assigned expert naturalist who will teach you how to effectively track wildlife (and not only tigers!). It is also possible to do a half day jungle walk but you won’t be able to cover as much ground, limiting your chances of seeing wildlife (so not really worth it, right?).
Tracking tigers on foot
Seeing tigers in the wild was probably one of the best adventures we’ve ever had. The best way to track tigers on foot is to combine a jungle hike and a jeep safari for a whole day. If your ultimate goal is to see tigers, I highly advise to book your safari with Samsara. Ask for our guide (and friend) Santa, he was born and raised in Bardia and knows the Park like the palm of his hand. He is an excellent wildlife expert and has a high success rate when it comes to tracking tigers.
Rafting / Boating Safari on Karnali
Not many people know about it but the Karnali river is the perfect place to go on a rafting safari and one of the best ways to spot wildlife in Bardia. But don’t worry, you won’t experience (real) rapids, it’s more like a boating safari (similar to Chitwan) but instead of a canoe, you will be on a raft.
Birdwatching
There are more than 420 bird species recorded in Bardia National Park. Bardia is the ideal place to experience a birdwatching safari. Among the most iconic species of the park, you’ll find Hornbills, Bengal Floricans, White-rumped Vultures, Kingfishers and Peacocks.
Fishing
Most fishing trips occur on the Babai river, where you can find the famous Golden Mahseer. We do not endorse fishing trips; however, if you do catch a Golden Mahseer (or other species), make sure you put them back in the water as many fish species are endangered.
Village walk / Bicycling tour
Like Chitwan, most of the lodges in Bardia offer a typical Tharu village visit to their guests. The guided visit provides an insight into Tharu’s lifestyle and culture (and it’s quite more authentic than Chitwan). However, you can also visit the nearby Tharu villages by yourself either by walk or bicycle (you can easily borrow one from your resort / homestay).
Banke National Park
Also known by locals as a ‘Gift to the Earth’, Banke National Park, the newest National Park in Nepal, was established in 2010, and spans over 550 square kilometers. Connected with Bardia National Park, Banke National Park is part of the Tiger Conservation Unit. Although tourism is almost inexistent with only very few domestic tourists visiting Banke, there are still some homestays located near the National Park. Probably the wildest National Park in Nepal!
Blackbuck Conservation Area
Also known as ‘Krishnasar Conservation Area’, the Blackbuck Conservation Area was created to conserve the endangered blackbuck. You can add the Blackbuck Conservation Area to your Bardia itinerary as it is located nearby Thakurdwara.
Where to stay in Bardia National Park?
Most resorts, eco lodges and homestays are located in Thakurdwara, the getaway to Bardia National Park.
Samsara is our number one choice in Bardia. The wildlife guides at Samsara are excellent. They are very knowledgeable and super friendly. They will do everything they can to make your stay incredible. All rooms at Samsara are very spacious and each of them has a little private patio. Samsara has everything one can wish for a perfect wildlife trip amidst nature.
Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve
Located in the southeastern part of Nepal, the wetlands of Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve are not too popular among tourists yet, but this might change soon as people are looking for alternatives to Chitwan.
Covering 175 square kilometers, Koshi Tappu is home to the endangered wild water buffalo. In fact, the Reserve was established in 1976 to protect the last remaining population of wild water buffaloes in Nepal. The number of Ganges river dolphins has also increased since the creation of the Reserve.
Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve is a birdwatcher’s paradise, with almost 500 bird species including the Watercock, the Dusky eagle-owl, the Bengal florican, and the Swamp Francolin. The Reserve is an internationally recognized Ramsar site since 1987.
What is the Entrance fee to Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve?
The Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve entrance fee is 1,500 Nepalese rupees per person per day.
Bring some extra cash (Nepalese rupees) during your stay in Koshi Tappu as there are no ATMs around.
When is the best time to visit Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve?
The best time to visit Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve is probably in the winter; many migratory birds can be spotted especially in October, November, February and March. Many birds spend the winter inside the Koshi Tappu Reserve.
How to get to Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve?
You have to reach Jamuha to get to Kusaha, the village located nearby the Reserve Headquarters. There are few options available.
Traveling by bus from Kathmandu:
There are daily buses traveling from Kathmandu to Jamuha (the bus destination is Kakarbhitta or Biratnagar, and you have to stop at Jamuha).
From Kathmandu, you’ll find buses leaving to Jamuha at the Gongabu bus park. Kathmandu to Jamuha depending on traffic is approximately a 12-14hour drive. Jamuha to Kusaha Reserve Headquarters is a 2.5km walk.
Traveling by air from Kathmandu:
Biratnagar Airport is the nearest airport. There are daily flights from Kathmandu to Biratnagar. This is definitely the easiest way to get to Koshi Tappu. Once in Biratnagar, it is a 90-minute drive to Kusaha. You can hire a taxi from Biratnagar to Kusaha, take a local bus or organize a pickup service through your lodge.
Traveling by private car from Kathmandu:
This is one of the most convenient ways to travel toward your destination in Koshi Tappu. It is especially worth it if you’re on a road trip with few stops en-route (Janakpur, Dharan, Chimadi lake, …).
Things to do in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve
Unlike Chitwan and Bardia, the activities in Koshi Tappu are limited, and can be quite expensive.
Jeep safari
It is possible to explore Koshi Tappu by Jeep and / or on foot. You can also enter with your own (or rented) motorcycle and ride through the Reserve. Whether you are with or without a guide, do not forget to visit the Koshi Barrage, it is where you’ll have the best chances of spotting Ganges River Dolphins.
Boat Trip
Also known as ‘Rafting safaris’, the boat trips offered in Koshi Tappu are totally worth it. It has nothing to do with a ‘rafting trip’ per se though, it is more like a floating safari on an inflatable raft. There are no rapids so it is a very smooth and agreeable boat trip really.
Birdwatching tour
Probably the best activity offered in Koshi Tappu. The Reserve is home to a great variety of birds, many of them quite rare. It is a birdwatcher’s paradise with 493 species of birds, including the Watercock, the Dusky eagle-owl, the Bengal florican, and the Swamp Francolin. All birding tours are guided by professional naturalists and ornithologists.
Where to stay in Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve?
There are not many choices but it is part of the charm as it is far from the crowds. The best is either to stay in Kusaha, the getaway to the Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve, or Dharan, a beautiful town surrounded by hills (90 minutes to 2-hours’ drive from Kusaha).
Aquabirds Eco Resort and Koshi Tappu Wildlife Camp are the two main lodges in Kusaha.
Suklaphanta National Park
Located in the far western part of Nepal and completely off-the-beaten-track, Suklaphanta (also spelt ‘Shuklaphanta’), the tropical savannah of the Terai, is one of the country’s most remote reserves and a paradise for all wildlife lovers. The open grassland of Suklaphanta is said to be the largest in South Asia.
It is in Suklaphanta National Park that you’ll find the largest population of swamp deer in the world. The National Park is also home to many wild elephants and Bengal tigers. Striped hyenas have been sighted inside the Park.
Sulklaphanta has also one of the most diverse ranges of birdlife in Nepal. More than 420 bird species have been recorded inside the Park.
What is the Entrance fee to Suklaphanta National Park?
The Suklaphanta National Park entrance fee is 1,500 Nepalese rupees per person per day. You cannot enter the park without an assigned wildlife guide.
Bring some extra cash (Nepalese rupees) during your stay in Suklaphanta as there are no ATMs around.
When is the best time to visit Suklaphanta National Park?
The best time to visit Suklaphanta National Park is from October to April. The monsoon season (usually from May to September) brings heavy rainfall and often, severe flooding.
How to get to Suklaphanta National Park?
You have to reach Mahendranagar, the village located nearby Suklaphanta National Park Headquarters. There are few options available.
Traveling by bus from Kathmandu:
There are daily buses traveling from Kathmandu to Mahendranagar. From Kathmandu, you’ll find buses leaving to Mahendranagar at the Gongabu bus park; we advise buying your ticket in advance as buses get full easily. Kathmandu to Mahendranagar depending on traffic is approximately an 18-hour drive (No! It isn’t a writing mistake, you are reading properly: 18 hours!!).
Traveling by air from Kathmandu:
Dhangadhi Airport is the nearest airport. This is definitely the easiest way to get to Suklaphanta. Once in Dhangadhi, it is a 90-minute drive to Mahendranagar. You can hire a taxi from Dhangadhi to Mahendranagar, take a local bus or organize a pickup service through your lodge.
Traveling by private car from Kathmandu:
This is another way to travel toward your destination in Suklaphanta. It is especially worth it if you’re on a road trip with few stops en-route (Chitwan, Lumbini, Bardia, …).
Things to do in Suklaphanta National Park
Jeep safari
The best way to explore the Suklaphanta National Park is by jeep. You can choose between a full day Jeep safari or a half day trip inside the National Park. Suklaphanta is a great place to spot wildlife, especially swamp deer but also tigers and elephants. Maybe you will have the chance to spot a hyena.
Ghodaghodi Lake
If you plan to visit Suklaphanta, make sure you include the Ghodaghodi Tal (‘Tal’ means lake in Nepali) to your itinerary. Located on the lower slopes of the Siwalik Hills, the beautiful lake is a Ramsar site since 2003. It is also a very important religious place for the Tharus.
Bedkot Lake
Located near Suklaphanta, you can also consider visiting Bedkot Lake, one of the most famous lakes in the Kanchanpur district.
Where to stay in Suklaphanta National Park?
Suklaphanta is located in a remote area of Nepal where the tourism standards aren’t developed (which can actually be a good thing if your goal is to immerse yourself in nature!). Therefore, the lodges/ camps are very basic with sometimes no hot water and power outage. Suklphanta Wildlife Camp and Suklaphanta Jungle Cottage are the main accommodations located near the National Park.
Lumbini and its Wetlands
Although it isn’t a national park nor a wildlife reserve, the wetlands of Lumbini in the Terai are worth mentioning.
Lumbini, the birthplace of Lord Buddha, is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and an important place of pilgrimage for Buddhists. Lumbini is famous for its temples and monasteries, but Lumbini is also home to the Sarus Crane, the world’s tallest flying bird.
What is the Entrance fee to the Wetlands of Lumbini?
There are no entry fees to visit the Wetlands of Lumbini per se. However, to visit Lumbini heritage site, it costs 500 Nepalese rupees per person per day.
When is the best time to visit Lumbini?
The best time to visit Lumbini is in Autumn. The Annual Lumbini Sarus Festival is usually held in November.
How to get to Lumbini?
Most of the time, you have to get to Bhairahawa (or Butwal) to reach Lumbini. There are few options available.
Traveling by bus from Kathmandu/ Pokhara/ Chitwan:
In our case, we (most of the time) stay in Butwal as we have friends living there (and there are quite interesting attractions off-the-beaten-path around Butwal too ~ but this will be for another article). However, if your goal is to visit Lumbini only, you should stop either in Bhairahawa (if you take a local bus) or Lumbini (tourist bus).
There are daily buses traveling from Kathmandu to Lumbini, from Pokhara to Lumbini and from Chitwan to Lumbini.
From Kathmandu, you’ll find buses leaving to Lumbini at the Kalanki bus station; we advise buying your ticket in advance as buses get full easily. Kathmandu to Lumbini depending on traffic is approximately a 10-hour drive.
From Pokhara, you’ll find the tourist buses near Rastra Bank Chowk (Tourist Bus Park). Pokhara to Lumbini depending on traffic is approximately an 8-hour drive.
From Chitwan (Sauraha), you’ll need to take a bus to Bhairahawa or Butwal, then take a local bus to Lumbini. Chitwan to Bhairahawa depending on traffic is approximately a 5hour drive.
Traveling by air from Kathmandu/ Pokhara:
Bhairahawa Airport is the nearest airport. This is definitely the easiest way to get to Lumbini. Once in Bhairahawa, it is a short drive to Lumbini. You can hire a taxi from Bhairahawa to Lumbini, take a local bus or organize a pickup service through your hotel.
Traveling by private car from Kathmandu:
This is another way to travel toward your destination in Lumbini. It is especially worth it if you’re on a road trip with few stops en-route (Chitwan, Tansen, Pokhara, …).
Things to do in Lumbini
Birdwatching tours and Nature Walks with the Lumbini Crane Foundation
There is the possibility to visit the Lumbini Crane Sanctuary. Covering 256 hectares, the Sanctuary has for mission to protect and conserve the natural habitat of the Sarus Cranes and to educate people regarding the conservation of the wetlands and watersheds of the Greater Lumbini Area. There is also the possibility to volunteer with the Lumbini Crane Foundation during the Sarus Crane Nesting season. The Foundation also offers birdwatching tours and nature walks.
Lumbini UNESCO World Heritage Site
Whether you’re religious or not, Lumbini Heritage site is a must-see for every traveler who plans to visit Nepal. Lumbini is a giant place and there is so much to see. Among the most popular attractions, there are the Maya Devi Temple, where Lord Buddha was born, the Lumbini museum, the Canal, the Gardens and the World Peace Pagoda. There are also many beautiful Buddhist temples and monasteries built by various countries around the complex (Thailand, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Myanmar, China, India, to name but a few).
Tilaurakot, Devdaha and Ramagrama
There are 3 other places worth visiting near Lumbini:
• Tilaurakot is an important archeological and Buddhist pilgrimage site in Nepal. It is the ancient capital of the Sakya kingdom of Kapilvastu, where Siddhartha Gautam spent 29 years of his life.
• Devdaha is the birthplace of Lord Budhha’s mother.
• Ramagrama is a sacred stupa containing relics of Lord Buddha.
Where to stay in Lumbini?
We stayed at many different places in Lumbini, Bhairahawa and Butwal; including hotels and resorts. But as we have friends living in Butwal, we do stay a lot with locals most of the time.
There aren’t many great hotels around Lumbini. Instead of hotels, many travelers choose to stay at some of the Buddhist monasteries in Lumbini (the Korean monastery being the most popular among foreigners), which ends up to be one of the best options.
If you’re not tempted by staying at one of the monasteries, one of the best hotels around is definitely Tiger Palace Resort. It isn’t located in Lumbini but in Bhairahawa. However, it is well worth the distance.
Essential Safari Tips for the best wildlife experiences in Nepal
Things to know before going on safari
1 ~ Do not wear perfume or deodorant as the smells will draw animals away from you (plus it will attract mosquitoes).
2 ~ Avoid talking during your safaris. Be silent and observe. Try to communicate with signs as much as you can.
3 ~ Turn off the flash on your camera.
4 ~ Do not wear bright colors. Natural colors or camouflage patterns will give you a better chance of spotting wildlife.
5 ~ Do not litter. Bring little trash bags to carry your waste during your safaris.
6 ~ Keep your phone in silent mode.
7 ~ Always listen to your guide. Follow his instructions EVERYTIME, EVERYWHERE. Rules are made for a purpose.
8 ~ Choose your guide in advance (yes, it is possible to request a specific guide!); lookout reviews on internet. If you’re going to Bardia, ask for Santa from Samsara. As mentioned above, Santa was born and raised in Bardia and knows the Park like the palm of his hand. He is an excellent wildlife expert and has a high success rate when it comes to tracking tigers.
9 ~ Bring good binoculars with you.
10 ~ Do never get too close to wild animals. Keep your distance.
11 ~ Do not try to feed animals.
12 ~ Bring a good camera with high-quality lens, and extra batteries/ memory cards.
13 ~ Smoking is strictly prohibited inside the National Parks and Reserves.
14 ~ Last but not least, get a good travel insurance.
What to pack for a safari?
More particularly, what to not forget!
Here are the essentials to take on a jungle safari:
• Outdoor clothing: Natural colors (like khaki, green, beige or grey colors) or camouflage patterns will give you a better chance of spotting wildlife.
• Evening clothing: long sleeve T-shirts, long sleeve blouses and cotton pants to prevent mosquito bites.
• Raincoat.
• Walking boots & sport sandals are ideal.
• Daypack (preferably waterproof) with snacks and thermal flask or water bottle with water purification tablets for the safaris (we recommend LifeStraw, an advanced water filter bottle).
• Flashlight.
• Binoculars.
• Hat, sunscreen and sunglasses.
• Camera with extra cards and extra batteries.
• Medicine (in particular, diarrhea medication): Water Purification Tablets/ Isotonic Powder/ Basic First Aid Kit/ Diamox/ Oximeter / Ibuprofen for general aches and pains/ Imodium or Pepto Bismol capsules for upset stomach or diarrhea. Consider buying Malaria tablets if you’re traveling during the monsoon season.
• Copies of important documents (passport, vaccination certificates, travel insurance) & extra passport photos.
• Insect repellent. If possible, eco-friendly insect repellent.
• Padlocks.
• Power adapter.
• Little trash bags to carry your waste during your safaris.
Wildlife in Nepal: Responsible Travel Guidelines
Plastic Waste in Nepal
If you can, avoid buying plastic water bottles as much as possible during your holidays in Nepal. Plastic waste is a huge problem in Nepal; to reduce your plastic use, carry a thermos flask with purification tablets or a reusable water bottle with you and fill it up when you can (we personally use LifeStraw, it is excellent and very convenient).
Do not litter
Everyone can avoid using plastic bags by using reusable bags, but the problem isn’t only plastic bags. It’s litter. Keep the nature clean and your waste to a minimum – avoid plastic bags, take an empty bag with you during your safari so you can bring back your rubbish with you.
Shop local
Eat local food and buy local products (preferably handmade), rather than imported products.
Reduce energy use
Do not overuse air-conditioning and hot water. Turn off lights when you leave your room. Carry a small solar panel to charge your electronic devices.
Prefer land transportation
We encourage to use the land transportation rather than air for traveling inside a country. We understand that international flights are sometimes a necessity to reach a destination from your home country. Consider flying with one of the 30+ IATA (International Air Transport Association) member airlines who offer carbon offset programs to neutralize the aircraft’s carbon emissions by investing in carbon reduction projects.
Be an animal-friendly traveler
• Never feed or touch wildlife, for any reason. You could be causing more harm than good.
• Do not ride elephants. Elephants are starved, beaten and torture to be ridden by tourists. Avoid places that offer elephant rides. Let’s embrace them in their natural habitats instead.
• Do not support trophy hunting. Trophy hunting isn’t conservation.
• Do not attend bullfights, nor rodeo shows.
• Say no to wild animal petting. Whatever the reasons you can hear and beautiful stories they can tell, there is no normality in hugging and petting a wild animal.
• Avoid attractions with captive animals, meaning no monkey dancing, snake charming, circuses or any activity implicating cruelty and abuse of wild animals.
Wildlife Holidays in Nepal
Our local travel agency DUS Travel has been awarded Wildlife Tour Company of the Year in 2021 by the Travel & Hospitality Awards.
Focusing on ethical wildlife tourism & cultural preservation, we only offer small group wildlife holidays (maximum 8 to 10 travelers) to limit the pressure on the habitats and the wildlife.
Who is DUS Travel?
dUS Travel is a family-owned travel agency managed by a team of local passionate, fun and creative travel experts. We offer authentic and meaningful holidays in Nepal by providing unique travel experiences off-the-beaten-track tailored to your personal tastes and interests.
We see and experience first-hand what we are recommending. Our main mission is to help travelers ‘discover off-the-beaten-track destinations and unique travel experiences’ but also ‘support social projects and causes we believe in’ and ‘give back to the local communities’.
We specialize in small group trips for 3 simple reasons:
1) To minimize our impact on the environment and preserve the flora and fauna,
2) To facilitate flawlessly planned holidays and special requests, and personalize your very own itinerary,
3) To provide authentic experiences (such as staying in small hotels, family structures, homestays in order to voluntarily avoid mass travel).
We offer many wildlife itineraries to choose from on our website; we can also help you create your personalized wildlife experience.
For more travel inspiration in Nepal, visit my Instagram account.
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